Solar energy is most directly on the Earth the most widespread and clean source of energy, solar energy as a huge amount of renewable energy, the radiant energy reaches the Earth's surface is approximately equal to 250 million barrels a day, it can be said is inexhaustible and always available. LED almost entirely focused on the spectrum of visible light spectrum, so high luminous efficiency, most people are of the view that energy-saving lighting energy-saving four-fifths is a great initiative, but LED one-fourth energy than energy-saving lamp, which is a solid light source greater reforms.
Advantages of solar-powered LED lighting integrated with solar energy and LED.
1, introduction to the solar-powered LED lighting system and how it works
System consists of a solar module parts (including bracket), LED lamp, control box (with a controller, battery) and light pole sections constituting; solar panel efficiency reaches 127Wp/m2, more efficient, the wind resistant design of the system is very helpful; head part with 1W white-light LED, 1W yellow LED integrated printed circuit board arranged in a certain space of lattices as a flat light source.
Control cabinet with stainless steel as material, aesthetic durability; control box in the placement and maintenance-free lead-acid battery charge and discharge controller. Selection of valve-regulated sealed lead acid battery for this system, because of its small, so it is also known as the "maintenance-free battery" will help reduce system maintenance costs; charge and discharge controller is designed to take into account the complete functions (with light control, time control, overcharge protection, over discharge protection, reverse connection protection, and so on) and cost control, achieving a high level of value for money.
System working principle is simple, using light v effect made solar cells solar panel receives solar radiation during the day and into electricity output, after charge and discharge controller is stored in batteries, the evening when the light gradually lowered to about 101ux, solar panels open circuit voltage of 4.5V, charge and discharge controller detects the voltage value action, on head discharge of the battery. After 8.5 hours of battery discharge, charge and discharge controller actions, battery discharge end. Charge and discharge controller's primary role is to protect the battery.
2, solar LED lighting systems design
2.1 solar module selection
Design requirements: in Guangzhou, the load input voltage: 24V-power 34.5W, 8.5H of hours of work per day to ensure continuous rainy days 7 days.
⑴ in Guangzhou for nearly 20 years the average annual radiation 107.7Kcal/cm2, by simple calculation peak sunshine hours is about 3.424H in Guangzhou;
⑵ load power consumption =12.2AH
⑶ Solar components required the total charge current =1.05x12.2x ÷ (3.424x0.85) =5.9A
Here, design a minimum number of days between two consecutive rainy days to 20 days, comprehensive loss coefficient of 1.05 for the solar system, 0.85 to recharge the battery efficiency.
D minimum number of total power solar modules =17.2x5.c=102W
Selection of 110Wp peak output power, a single block of 55Wp standard solar panel, should be able to ensure that street lighting system in the normal operation of a year in most cases.
2.2 battery selection
Battery capacity calculation simpler compared to the number of peak watt solar module.
Based on the above calculation know that load daily power consumption 12.2AH. the battery is full of cases, you can work 7 consecutive rainy days, together with the work of the first night, battery capacity:
12.2x (7+1) =97.6 (AH), selected 2 12V100AH battery can meet the requirements.
2.3 solar module support
2.3.1 inclination angle design
In order for the solar year of solar radiation received as much as possible, we would like to select an optimum angle for solar module.
Solar panel discussion on the optimum angle, the street lights use area in Guangzhou, selected solar panel bracket angle 16 degrees.
2.3.2 solar LED lighting system for wind-resistant design
In the solar system, the structure is a need to attach great importance to issues on wind-resistant design. Wind resistant design are divided into two large blocks, wind-resistant design of a solar panel supports, wind-resistant design of two lamp posts. Analyzed by these two separately below.
⑴ solar wind-resistant design of bracket
According to solar panel manufacturers of technical parameters materials, solar panel can withstand wind pressure was 2700pA. If selected as 27M/s wind resistance coefficient (equivalent to level ten typhoons), non-viscous fluid dynamics, solar panel subjected to wind pressure of only 365pA. Therefore, affordable 27M/s component itself is completely wind speeds without damage. Therefore, design is a solar panel to consider critical support and connection to a light pole.
In this set of street lighting system in the design of the solar panel rod bracket and connection design of lamp use bolts fixed connections.
⑵ wind-resistant design of street lamp light bar
Street lighting parameters are as follows:
Battery plate angle A=16 ° lamp height =5M
select lamp design weld width δ =4MM light pole at the bottom the bottom outside diameter =168MM
Where the weld surface that is lamp failure surface. W lamp failure surface resistance moment calculation of point p to the lamp Panel load f line distance is pQ=[5000+ (168+6)/tAn16 °]xSin16 ° =1545MM=1.545M. so, wind load moment M=Fx1.545 role in lamp failure surface.
According to the design of 27M/s maximum allowable wind speed, dual-lamp caps 2x30W 730N basic load of solar panels. Considering the safety factor of 1.3, F=1.3x730=949N.
So, M=Fx1.545=949x1.545=1466N.m.
According to the Mathematical derivation, circle circular failure surface of resist torque W= π x (3R2 δ +3R δ 2+ δ 3).
Type on, r is the ring inner diameter, δ is the ring width.
W= π x failure surface resistance moment (3R2 δ +3R δ 2+ δ 3) = Pi x (3x842x4+3x84x42+43) =88768mm3=88.768x10-6m3
Wind load on failure surface in moments of stress caused by =M/W=1466/(88.768x10-6) =16.5x106pA=16.5MpA 215MpA
Where 215MpA is the bending strength of steel Q235.
Therefore, design of weld width selected to meet the requirements, so long as welding quality assurance, wind resistance of the lamp is not a problem.
2.4 controller for solar-powered LED lighting system
Charge and discharge controller of solar energy's primary role is to protect the battery. Basic functions must be overcharge protection, over discharge protection, such as light control, control and counter.
Protection against over charge, over discharge voltage of the battery general parameters in table 1, when the battery voltage reaches the set value and then changing state circuit.
On the selection of devices, there are single-chip, there are more, programmes, and have different characteristics and strengths, it should be according to customers demand characteristics of the selected programme, not going to go into the details here.
Surface treatment of 2.5 solar LED lighting systems
This series of products using electrostatic coating technology, mainly for Fp specialty coatings for building materials, to meet customer requirements for surface color and Environment coordinated and high product of stability, strong corrosion resistance, aging resistance, apply to any climate and environment. Process design for hot-dip zinc coating on the basis of, the product performance greatly improved, reaching the most stringent requirements of AAMA2605.2005, other indicators have been met or exceeded the requirements of GB.
3, conclusion
Overall design basically considered to has each links; PV component of peak Watts number selection design and battery capacity selection design used has currently most General of design method, design thought comparison science; anti-wind design from battery pack pieces bracket and lamp Rod two block do has analysis, analysis comparison full; surface processing used has currently most advanced of technology technology; street lamps overall structure simplicity and beautiful; after actual run proved all links Zhijian match sexual better.
At present, the initial investment problem of solar-powered LED lighting is still haunt us for a major problem. However, solar cell efficiency increases, and prices will gradually decrease, and likewise LED luminous efficiency in rapid increases in the market, but the price is reduced. With solar renewable, clean and free of pollution and environmental protection and energy saving of LED compared to conventional fossil fuels become increasingly strained and after use will result in worsening of pollution to the environment. Therefore, solar-powered LED lighting outdoor lighting as an ascendant, is presented to our infinite vitality and broad prospects.
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