LED industry status

One. Briefly

LED industry chain generally divided into upper, middle and lower reaches, respectively, epitaxial silicon LED, LED packaging and LED applications. As the LED industry chain in the nexus of the LED packaging industry, in the whole industrial chain plays an important role in unparalleled. LED devices based on various types of applications, extensive use of LED devices, such as a large LED display, LED backlight LCD display, LED lighting, LED traffic lights and LED auto lamps, LED devices in the application of the total cost of the product accounted for 40 % to 70%, and the performance of LED application products are often more than 70% determined by the performance of LED devices.


China is a big country LED package, it is estimated that 80% of the world the number of LED devices packaged concentrated in China, distributed in various types of American, Taiwanese, Hong Kong-owned, domestic packaging companies.


In the past five years, foreign companies continue to move into mainland China LED packaging, domestic packaging companies continue to grow and develop, technology continues to mature and innovation. LED device packaging in the field of low-end, the Chinese LED packaging companies in the market share of high-end LED devices in the packaging field, some Chinese enterprises have great breakthrough. As technology continues to mature and the accumulation of brand reputation, China LED packaging companies in China will in the LED application large country to play an important and leading role.


Second, China's LED packaging industry's present and future


The following paper from the ten aspects of China's LED packaging industry present and future:


(A) LED packages


LED packages can be divided into line-type (LAMP), SMD (SMD), High Power (HI-POWER) three categories, three categories of products in different sizes, different shapes, different colors, and other products.


LED packaging products in China after ten years of development, has formed a complete range of models of various types of packaging, packaging products and foreign models of the basic synchronization, can be found in various types of basic domestic alternative to imported products.


In the next few years, China's LED packaging product range will be more complete, to keep pace with foreign products.


(B) LED packaging capacity


China has gradually become a world manufacturing center LED packaged devices, including Taiwanese, Hong Kong-owned, US-owned and other enterprises in China's manufacturing base.


It is estimated that China's packaging production capacity (including foreign investment in the mainland factory) capacity of the world's 60% packaging, and with the LED industry in China increased aggregation, this percentage is rising. Continental LED packaging company packaging and rapid capacity expansion, with more capital into mainland China packaging industry, LED package will be the rapid expansion of production capacity.


(C) LED packaging production and testing equipment


LED packaging production equipment with automatic solid crystal machine, automatic wire bonders, automatic closure of plastic machines, automatic color separation, automatic dispenser, automatic paste with a machine; LED IS major test equipment standards, photoelectric comprehensive test Miriam, TG point tester, tester integrating sphere lumen, the phosphor tester, thermal shock boxes, boxes and other high temperature and humidity.


Five years ago, LED packaging equipment mainly in Europe, Taiwan manufacturers of the world, mostly semi-automatic equipment, domestic equipment, and now, in addition to automatic wire bonders, the domestic supply of automated equipment has been able to batch, but the accuracy and speed to be further improved. LED key test equipment, in addition to the standard instrument IS, other equipment has been basically achieved domestically.


On the hardware level, the Chinese enterprises above designated size of the LED package is the world's most advanced. Of course, some higher level of test and analysis equipment to be further equipped.


Hardware in the packaging equipment in China, due to the purchase of the latest and most advanced packaging equipment, has the advantage, with advanced packaging technology and process development.


(D) LED chips


LED package device performance depends on the extent of 50% chips, 50% depends on the packaging process and auxiliary materials.


Mainland China's LED chip companies are about ten or so, a late start, the scale is not big enough, the largest LED chip companies annual output of about 3 billion yuan, an average production capacity in each 1 to 2 million.


Domestic small and medium size chip (referring to 15mil or less) has been able to basically meet the domestic demand for packaging companies, large size (referring to the power-type W-on-chip) need to import, mainly from the United States, Taiwan enterprises.


Small and medium size domestic brand chip performance gap between the smaller and foreign brands, with a good price, most LED applications to meet the needs of enterprises.


Large-size tile chip made efforts needed to meet the huge market demand for the future of lighting.


With the capital markets involved in the upstream chip companies, the next three years China will have a larger LED chip business development, will promote the overall level LED packaging industry to improve.


(E) LED packaging aids


There are LED packaging support auxiliary materials, glue, mold section, the line, lens and so on.


Mainland China package supporting material supply chain is better, most of the materials produced in mainland China has been able to supply.


High-performance epoxy resin and silica gel to import the majority, the main requirements of these two types of materials, high temperature, UV resistant, excellent and well-expansion coefficient of the refractive index and so on.


With the global integration process, China's LED packaging companies have been able to apply to the world's newest and best package supporting material.


(F) LED package design


LED-line design has been relatively mature, mainly in the decay lifetime, optical matching, and so the failure rate can be further up the steps. SMD LED design, especially at the top of SMD LED TOP constantly evolving type, package size bracket, package design, material selection, optical design, thermal design, innovation, technology has broad potential.


The design of power type LED is a new world. Large-size type as the power is still evolving chip manufacturing, making the structure of power type LED, optical, materials, design parameters are under development, there have been new design appears.


China LED package design is based in foreign countries and Taiwan have been based on the design of improvements and innovation. Designed to rely on a good computer design tools, good reliability and good test equipment test equipment and more to be based on advanced design ideas and product savvy. China's current level of LED package design with foreign industry giants also have a certain gap, which also lack the scale of China's LED industry leading enterprises related to the lack of organized and planned the scale of R & D investment.


(G) LED packaging technology


LED packaging technology, including solid crystal parameters of technology, wire bonding process parameters, mold and process parameters, baking process parameters, such as color separation process.


With the LED packaging company's rapid development in recent years, LED packaging technology has risen to a better level, in particular some high-demand such as a large LED display, wide color gamut LCD backlight, China LED excellent package companies have been able to meet their needs, advanced packaging technology has been produced by the LED close to the international level of similar products. However, the high-power LED packaging technology, the device requires a higher level of high-power packaging technology to be further improved.


(VIII) LED package device performance


LED device performance including brightness / luminous flux, light failure, failure rate, light efficiency, uniformity and optical distribution.


① brightness or luminous flux;


As a small chip (15mil or less) now available in mass production of the domestic chip companies (though some of the wafer from imports), small chip brightness of the product close to maximum brightness and foreign, have been able to meet the brightness requirements of 95% of the LED Application needs, and package the device depends on the brightness level of 90% of the chip brightness.


Large-size chip (24mil or more) of the most dependent on imports, the value depends on the lumens per watt chip lumens procurement, packaging part of the lumens of only 10%.


② lumen;


General research view, the light fades little correlation with the chip, packaging materials and processes associated with the greatest degree. Failure of the packaging materials of light are solid crystal base plastic, fluorescent plastic, rubber and other foreign letters, the packaging process of decay of light are the processes and materials for baking temperature and time matching.


Currently, LED packaging process after years of development and accumulation, has a good foundation, in the light fades on the control of some products has been with foreign rivals.


③ failure rate;


Loss of efficiency and chip quality, packaging auxiliary materials, production technology, design and management level related.


LED failure mainly as dead lights, light failure is too large, too large wavelength or color temperature drift and so on. LED devices based on requirements of different uses, the failure rate has different requirements. For example, use LED lights for 1000PPM (3000 hours); lighting uses LED as 500PPM (3000 hours); color display uses LED to 50PPM (3000 hours).


Packaging enterprises in China's overall level of LED failure rate to be improved. Fortunately, a small amount of good packaging enterprises in China has reached world-class failure.


④ luminous efficiency;


90% LED luminous efficiency luminous efficiency depends on the chip. China LED packaging companies packaging part of the optical efficiency improvements also have a lot of technology.


If China's large-size tile SoC R & D breakthroughs and mass production, will greatly promote the power type package devices to improve light efficiency.


⑤ consistency;


Consistency, including consistency of LED wavelength, brightness uniformity, color temperature consistency, consistency attenuation


Consistency can be achieved through the first three feeding machine process control and color separation filter to achieve. The first three levels, the Chinese and foreign the same LED packaging technology.


Point of consistency is often difficult sorting out to be by optimizing designs and materials to the mechanical precision control, strict control of production process to achieve. For example, LED full color display uses the red, green, and blue oval LED control point of consistency is very important and decisive impact on full-color LED display color quality to become a high-end technology LED devices.


Consistency also decay control and process control of materials, including the attenuation of different color LED LED color consistency and the attenuation of the same consistency.


Consistency of LED packaging technology is an important issue.


LED packaging company in China some consistency in the LED technology has been with international practice.


⑥ Optical distribution;


LED is a light-emitting device, use it for many LED applications, LED light-shaped distribution is an important indicator to determine the second optical applications, the design of foundation, but also a direct impact on the visual effect of LED application products.


For example, LED outdoor display uses LED oval lens design can make the display brightness changes in the angles change smoothly and have a greater perspective, in line with the human visual habits. Another example, LED lamps optical requirements, making the LED lights a secondary optical design and optical design must match the best spot and best road luminous efficiency.


Through computer simulation software for optical design and development is a common means. LED packaging companies active in China to catch up with foreign technology gap is narrowing.


(Ix) LED direction of packaging applications


At present, China's LED packaging products have been widely used in instruction, backlight, display, lighting and other applications, and applications include consumer electronics, automotive, advertising, transportation, sports, entertainment, construction and so the whole orientation field. LED package device of the breadth of applications will be more development, the application of the LED has already taken the forefront in the world.


(J) LED packaging industry personnel status


LED packaging industry in China is based on the digestion and absorption of personnel Taiwan, Hong Kong, American LED technology and management personnel of enterprises on the basis of culture and grow up again. Industry, the high-level technical and management personnel can not meet the current needs of the rapid development of LED industry, the industry talent the high side of experience, technology-based, academic talents below normal. The good news is, with the industry, some universities have been set for the relevant optical professional personnel training, cooperation in production and research for further delivery of LED packaging companies and training a group of people.


III Conclusion


LED LED optoelectronic industry, packaging industry is an important link in the nexus of all LED applications are required to use high quality LED package devices. LED package design process, and technology formula with high-tech features, the relative area of ​​the upstream extension of the chip, LED packaging industry, intellectual property barriers less. LED lighting and LED TV LED packaging industry will be strong growth.


China's current LED packaging firm size in general is not big enough, the first camp of the packaging business, the average sales revenue of about 1 million, and Taiwan's market leading enterprise billion light package (2008 revenue of about 23 billion yuan) more than the gap large. With the rapid development of LED industry in China's LED packaging business growth potential.


Urgent need for LED packaging industry in China own national brands, foreign brands to break the monopoly in the high-end applications.


China LED packages will actually benefit from the national energy conservation strategy, will effectively benefit from the financial crisis in China's high GDP growth.


With China becoming the world's LED packaging big country, China's LED packaging technology in the rapid development and progress, and world leading technology in bridging the gap, and local products are beyond.


We need to deepen the strategic LED packaging industry awareness and attention. Need to increase research in the field of LED packaging technology R & D investment. We are LED packaging industry in China and abroad, mainly in the gap between the brand and R & D inputs. Substantial R & D investment to prop up the world recognized brand.


As China's growth, LED application market's strong rally, we believe that China will become a great power from the LED package power LED package.